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-
-
- RFC 768 J. Postel
- ISI
- 28 August 1980
-
-
-
- User Datagram Protocol
- ----------------------
-
- Introduction
- ------------
-
- This User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is defined to make available a
- datagram mode of packet-switched computer communication in the
- environment of an interconnected set of computer networks. This
- protocol assumes that the Internet Protocol (IP) [1] is used as the
- underlying protocol.
-
- This protocol provides a procedure for application programs to send
- messages to other programs with a minimum of protocol mechanism. The
- protocol is transaction oriented, and delivery and duplicate protection
- are not guaranteed. Applications requiring ordered reliable delivery of
- streams of data should use the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) [2].
-
- Format
- ------
-
-
- 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31
- +--------+--------+--------+--------+
- | Source | Destination |
- | Port | Port |
- +--------+--------+--------+--------+
- | | |
- | Length | Checksum |
- +--------+--------+--------+--------+
- |
- | data octets ...
- +---------------- ...
-
- User Datagram Header Format
-
- Fields
- ------
-
- Source Port is an optional field, when meaningful, it indicates the port
- of the sending process, and may be assumed to be the port to which a
- reply should be addressed in the absence of any other information. If
- not used, a value of zero is inserted.
-
-
-
-
-
- Postel [page 1]
-
-
- 28 Aug 1980
- User Datagram Protocol RFC 768
- Fields
-
-
-
- Destination Port has a meaning within the context of a particular
- internet destination address.
-
- Length is the length in octets of this user datagram including this
- header and the data. (This means the minimum value of the length is
- eight.)
-
- Checksum is the 16-bit one's complement of the one's complement sum of a
- pseudo header of information from the IP header, the UDP header, and the
- data, padded with zero octets at the end (if necessary) to make a
- multiple of two octets.
-
- The pseudo header conceptually prefixed to the UDP header contains the
- source address, the destination address, the protocol, and the UDP
- length. This information gives protection against misrouted datagrams.
- This checksum procedure is the same as is used in TCP.
-
- 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31
- +--------+--------+--------+--------+
- | source address |
- +--------+--------+--------+--------+
- | destination address |
- +--------+--------+--------+--------+
- | zero |protocol| UDP length |
- +--------+--------+--------+--------+
-
- If the computed checksum is zero, it is transmitted as all ones (the
- equivalent in one's complement arithmetic). An all zero transmitted
- checksum value means that the transmitter generated no checksum (for
- debugging or for higher level protocols that don't care).
-
- User Interface
- --------------
-
- A user interface should allow
-
- the creation of new receive ports,
-
- receive operations on the receive ports that return the data octets
- and an indication of source port and source address,
-
- and an operation that allows a datagram to be sent, specifying the
- data, source and destination ports and addresses to be sent.
-
-
-
-
-
-
- [page 2] Postel
-
-
- 28 Aug 1980
- RFC 768 User Datagram Protocol
- IP Interface
-
-
-
- IP Interface
- -------------
-
- The UDP module must be able to determine the source and destination
- internet addresses and the protocol field from the internet header. One
- possible UDP/IP interface would return the whole internet datagram
- including all of the internet header in response to a receive operation.
- Such an interface would also allow the UDP to pass a full internet
- datagram complete with header to the IP to send. The IP would verify
- certain fields for consistency and compute the internet header checksum.
-
- Protocol Application
- --------------------
-
- The major uses of this protocol is the Internet Name Server [3], and the
- Trivial File Transfer [4].
-
- Protocol Number
- ---------------
-
- This is protocol 17 (21 octal) when used in the Internet Protocol.
- Other protocol numbers are listed in [5].
-
- References
- ----------
-
- [1] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol," RFC 760, USC/Information
- Sciences Institute, January 1980.
-
- [2] Postel, J., "Transmission Control Protocol," RFC 761,
- USC/Information Sciences Institute, January 1980.
-
- [3] Postel, J., "Internet Name Server," USC/Information Sciences
- Institute, IEN 116, August 1979.
-
- [4] Sollins, K., "The TFTP Protocol," Massachusetts Institute of
- Technology, IEN 133, January 1980.
-
- [5] Postel, J., "Assigned Numbers," USC/Information Sciences
- Institute, RFC 762, January 1980.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Postel [page 3]
-